I recall from grad school that Kornai’s “socialism” measure and the state export monopoly variable were doing all the work in those results. The state export monopoly variable was in fact really just a dummy for “sub Saharan Africa except Botswana and SA”. None of the rest actually mattered for the results.
I haven't looked at the paper, but eg the economic gap between East and West Germany persists, despite them having the same federal government. (And the state and county levels don't have much influence on openness to international markets nor on property rights.)
I assume the paper doesn't mean that outcomes need to be identical to count as converged. Eastern Germany is still a wealthy place by international standards.
I recall from grad school that Kornai’s “socialism” measure and the state export monopoly variable were doing all the work in those results. The state export monopoly variable was in fact really just a dummy for “sub Saharan Africa except Botswana and SA”. None of the rest actually mattered for the results.
I haven't looked at the paper, but eg the economic gap between East and West Germany persists, despite them having the same federal government. (And the state and county levels don't have much influence on openness to international markets nor on property rights.)
I assume the paper doesn't mean that outcomes need to be identical to count as converged. Eastern Germany is still a wealthy place by international standards.
Jeff Sachs: Covid was made in a US lab:
https://jimhaslam.substack.com/p/jeff-sachs-covid-was-made-in-a-us
I think this is the same Sachs that is on Trump's side on foreign policy concerning Ukraine. Check this out:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J9x5E0ETyv8