It does seem crazy to me that there isn't some formula or other rigorous method for establishing a prior or identifying what statistical distribution something follows. Probability is such a mathematical field, yet a large portion of putting its rigorous principles into action is just eyeballing which distribution is appropriate
This is a strawman argument. Yes, science doesn't need that kind of cartoonish philosophy. Science was called natural philosophy until the 18th century. One explanation of the philosophy of science is that analytical philosophers (who often come from the hard sciences) force science to state things clearly and to make inferences and deductions defined and limited what can be supported or what is the best explanation. A simple example is that there is extraordinary work now, especially with the development of AI, that draws from empirical knowledge of the brain to examine consciousness and free will.
One could also argue that "what philosophy can show" can be decoupled from "what philosophy as an academic discipline can establish consensus on"
It does seem crazy to me that there isn't some formula or other rigorous method for establishing a prior or identifying what statistical distribution something follows. Probability is such a mathematical field, yet a large portion of putting its rigorous principles into action is just eyeballing which distribution is appropriate
The question of whether the Newtonian Physics is falsified depends on philosophical inquiry.
This is a strawman argument. Yes, science doesn't need that kind of cartoonish philosophy. Science was called natural philosophy until the 18th century. One explanation of the philosophy of science is that analytical philosophers (who often come from the hard sciences) force science to state things clearly and to make inferences and deductions defined and limited what can be supported or what is the best explanation. A simple example is that there is extraordinary work now, especially with the development of AI, that draws from empirical knowledge of the brain to examine consciousness and free will.
Alas common sense’s most fundamental principle is that common sense isn’t to be trusted.